Systems Analysis and Design Exercise 02

1. The person that identifies opportunities for improvements and designs an information
system to implement them is called a(n) _____.
A. computer programmer
B. end-user
C. systems analyst
D. systems specialist
E. technical writer

2. The four phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle are _____.
A. analysis, gathering, modeling, and diagramming
B. construction, installation, testing, and converting
C. designing, charting, formatting, and structuring
D. planning, analysis, design, and implementation
E. system request, feasibility, planning, and staffing

3. The project sponsor is the _____.
A. lead systems analyst on the project team
B. person or department that requested the system
C. computer programmer who writes the code for the system
D. project team leader in charge of developing the system
E. any of the above may fill the role of the project sponsor

4. Deciding how the hardware, software, and network infrastructure will operate occurs
during the _____ phase of the SDLC.
A. analysis
B. design
C. implementation
D. planning
E. strategy

5. The phase of the SDLC when the system is actually built or purchased is the _____ phase.
A. analysis
B. construction
C. design
D. implementation
E. planning

6. _____ development is a structured design methodology that proceeds in a sequence from
one phase to the next.
A. Parallel
B. Phased
C. Prototyping
D. Rapid Application
E. Waterfall

7. The idea of placing data and the processes (methods) that operate on the data into the
same object is referred to as __________________.
A. Information Hiding
B. Polymorphism
C. Object Binding
D. Encapsulation
E. Inheritance

8. A(n) ___________ models the interaction of the information system with its end-users
and other external systems.
A. Implementation plan
B. Use case diagram
C. Class diagram
D. Package diagram
E. Database diagram

9. _________ represent the things, concepts or ideas that are contained in an application.
A. Interaction diagrams
B. Deployment diagrams
C. Sequence diagrams
D. Class diagrams
E. Use Case diagrams

10. Understanding the as-is system, identifying improvements, and developing requirements
for the to-be system are the steps of the _____ phase.
A. analysis
B. design
C. implementation
D. planning
E. SDLC

11. Sarah would like to give the interviewee more control over the interview and to gather
rich information. She should ask _____ questions.
A. closed-ended
B. inappropriate
C. open-ended
D. opinion
E. probing

12. A JAD session can _____.
A. allow all the users to be interviewed at once
B. enable feedback after installation of a new system
C. teach the managers to draw the UML diagrams
D. reduce scope creep by 50%
E. allow observation techniques to be employed

13. A JAD facilitator is _____.
A. the person who sets the meeting agenda and guides the discussion
B. the person who records the discussion
C. a person who participates in the discussion
D. a person who is also a power user
E. none of the above

14. What information-gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of the situation
rather than listen to others describe it?
A. document analysis
B. interviewing
C. joint application design (JAD) sessions
D. observation
E. questionnaires

15. Which of the following diagramming symbols represents a subject boundary in a use case
diagram?
A
B
C
D
E

16. A(n) _____ use case is typically created early in the process of understanding the system
requirements as a way of documenting basic information about the use case.
A. overview
B. detail
C. essential
D. real
E. imaginary

17. The correct sequence of the major steps in creating use case diagrams is _____.
A. identify the major use cases, expand the major use cases, confirm the major use cases,
create the use-case diagram
B. identify the major use cases, expand the major use cases, create the use-case diagram,
confirm the major use cases
C. create the use-case diagram, identify the major use cases, expand the major use cases,
confirm the major use cases
D. create the use-case diagram, identify the major use cases, confirm the major use cases,
expand the major use cases
E. identify the major use cases, confirm the major use cases, expand the major use cases,
create the use-case diagram

18. If a student signs up for a course module, which type of relationship would you use to
model the relationship between the student and module?
A. generalization
B. association
C. aggregation
D. subsetting
E. vague

19. A class diagram is a(n) _____ model.
A. static
B. dynamic
C. evolving
D. obsolete
E. none of the above

20. A(n) _____ is an instantiation of a class.
A. attribute
B. behaviour
C. operation
D. message
E. object

21. _____ are information that is sent to objects to tell it to execute one of its behaviours.
A. Attributes
B. Operations
C. Messages
D. Instances
E. Use-cases

22. Which of the following objects would most likely be destroyed at some point in time in a
sequence diagram?
A. customer
B. order
C. order item
D. invoice
E. shopping cart/basket

23. The focus in a sequence diagram is on __________________
A. how actors interact with objects to realize a given use case
B. messages sent by actors to other objects
C. when an object is being created
D. when messages are being destroyed
E. time ordering of messages being passed between objects
24. In a sequence diagram, conditional messages are indicated by placing the condition
between _____ symbols.
A. < >
B. “ “
C. ‘ ‘
D. [ ]
E. / /

25. To avoid the classic design mistake of “silver bullet syndrome,” the analyst should _____.
A. increase the schedule to include learning time
B. move proposed changes into future versions
C. not switch or upgrade development tools unless there is a compelling need
D. not use a design tool that appears too good to be true
E. use rapid application development techniques or timeboxing operation

26. There are three methods to create a new system. They are _____.
A. buy a package, external vendor, external service provider
B. develop custom application in-house, external service provider, and external vendor
C. external service provider, rely on a developer, and external vendor
D. in-house custom application, buy a package, and external vendor
E. in-house custom application, external service provider, and external vendor

27. The following are all strengths of a custom development design strategy EXCEPT _____.
A. building technical skills
B. greater creativity
C. greater flexibility
D. lower risk
E. none of the above

28. An advantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organisation can _____.
A. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit
B. build technical skills and functional knowledge
C. have developers climb the knowledge ladder
D. make strategic changes during implementation
E. save money on the purchase

29. A disadvantage of purchasing packaged software is that the organization may _____.
A. accept functionality that is not a perfect fit
B. build technical skills and functional knowledge
C. make strategic changes during implementation
D. remove all risk from the project
E. save money on the purchase

30. Data may be stored in the following formats _____.
A. databases
B. entities
C. entities and files
D. files
E. files and databases

31. A relational database may be optimized for _____.
A. data type and storage efficiency
B. relational type
C. speed of access
D. storage efficiency
E. storage efficiency and speed of access

32. A(n) _____ occurs when data are stored redundantly in a database and only some of the
instances are updated when a change is needed.
A. error
B. update anomaly
C. data integrity concern
D. storage efficiency
E. none of the above

33. If the data model does not have any repeating fields it is in _____.
A. base normal form
B. first normal form
C. non-normal form
D. second normal form
E. third normal form

34. A mini-table that contains values from one or more columns in a table and the location of
the values within the table is called a(n) _____.
A. index
B. interfile cluster
C. intrafile cluster
D. raw data calculation
E. volumetric

35. When information systems projects fail, the primary reason has traditionally been _____
A. improperly trained programmers
B. inadequate planning
C. poor analysis, design, installation, or project management
D. poor programming
E. shortened testing periods

36. A classic mistake made during the implementation phase is to _____.
A. create a risk assessment
B. maintain control over the code
C. plan for the use of state-of-the-art technology
D. spend too much time in testing
E. use low cost personnel

37. _____ allow hiding everything in a system behind a visible interface, making testing
difficult.
A. Encapsulation and information hiding
B. Polymorphism and dynamic binding
C. Inheritance
D. Reuse
E. Object-oriented development processes

38. Post-implementation activities include _____.
A. project assessment
B. system maintenance
C. system support
D. system support and system maintenance
E. system support, system maintenance, and project assessment

39. The conversion style that recommends operating the new system along side the old
system for a trial period is known as _____.
A. direct
B. parallel
C. phased
D. pilot
E. simultaneous

40. The process of refining the system to make sure that it continues to meet business and
organizational needs is called _____.
A. change management
B. project assessment
C. system maintenance
D. system review
E. system support

SECTION B - Answer TWO questions in this section. You should answer this
section in the answerbook provided.
1. This question is about Rapid Application Development (RAD) Methodologies.
(a) What kind of Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology does the diagram
above show? What advantages does this method have over the Waterfall
Development Methodology?
(b) The two other RAD systems design methodologies involve the creation of a
prototype. Provide a diagram for both of these methodologies showing the
progression of the phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Of the
two methodologies, which would be the best for development of safety critical
system?
(c) Which of the three RAD methodologies considered in this question would you
consider most suitable to use in an Object Oriented approach to Systems
Development? Give reasons for your answer.

2. This question is about Computing Architectures
(a) Explain the meaning of the terms client and server, as used in the field of systems
architecture design. Provide two examples of each.

(b) What is meant by application logic, presentation logic, data access logic, and data
storage? How are these usually distributed in two-tiered and three-tiered client-server
systems?

(c) What are the main advantages and disadvantages of client-server systems compared
with purely server-based systems architectures.

3. This question is about UML (Unified Modeling Language) Behavioural Models.
Consider the following description of the life cycle of a customer order for PC parts and
accessories from an Internet-based company.
(a) Construct a behavioural state machine (statechart) diagram for the order object
described in the scenario above.

(b)Explain the terms state, transition and event, using your diagram as an example.

(c) What is the most important feature of behavioural models, such as behavioural state
machines and sequence diagrams, that is not a feature of structural models, such as
class diagrams?